PENGGUNAAN ANESTESI LOKAL SEBAGAI PERSIAPAN AKSES INTRAVENA DI INSTALASI GAWAT DARURAT : LITERATURE REVIEW

Farida Zahra Khairun Nisa, Hikmat Pramajati, Imam Tri Sutrisno, Subhan Manggala Putra, Elissa Noorwillah Islami

Abstract


Latar belakang:  Venipungsi adalah prosedur paling umum di Instalasi Gawat Darurat, dengan nyeri yang signifikan dilaporkan baik pada anak-anak maupun orang dewasa. Salah satu manajemen nyeri yang dapat dilakukan yaitu penggunaan anestesi lokal sebelum prosedur dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan anestesi lokal dalm menurunkan nyeri injeksi vena berdasarkan literatur

Metode:  Pencarian dilakukan di PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Springer dan SageJournal dengan kata kunci yang sudah ditentukan. Penyaringan studi dilakukan bertahap sesuai dengan alur prisma. Hasil akhir didapatkan 5 literatur.

Hasil:  Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa coldspray, cryospray, vapocoolant spray dan buzzy efektif dalam mengurangi nyeri dan cocok digunakan di IGD. Berbeda dengan topical ketamine dan EMLA meskipun signifikan menurunkan skala nyeri, namun waktu onset yang lambat membuatnya tidak cocok digunakan di IGD.

Kesimpulan: Kesimpulannya beberapa anestesi lokal dapat tepat digunakan untuk kondisi gawat darurat didukung dengan persepsi pasien yang menginginkan intervensi anestesi lokal dilakukan sebelum prosedur invasif.

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35720/tscd3kep.v11i01.888

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